This time print has again demonstrated better comprehension than digital in a study that used eye-tracking technology.
Participants were randomly assigned to read the same six page popular science article that included several diagrams. They were given a version either in print or on a tablet computer and asked to answer reading comprehension questions.
Print – the high achiever
The study found article reading time affected comprehension test scores with the print group achieving significantly higher results compared to the digital group.
Both print and digital groups spent about the same amount of time processing the whole article, texts, diagrams, and diagram statements. However, the time was not divided evenly between the first-pass and rereading stages. The digital group spent more time during the first pass and the print group more time during the second.
Regarding eye movements in the text sections, both groups had similar total fixation durations while reading text sections in the first-pass stage. However, the print group spent more time reading text sections in the rereading stage than the digital group.
The study found the print group:
- Showed better reading comprehension outcomes.
Returned to earlier information much more frequently than the digital group reflecting more intentional processing.
Fixated longer on the representational diagrams and their statements.